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ZOOLOGICAL SERIES

OF

FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY

Volume 24 CHICAGO, JANUARY 30, 1939 No. 4

NOTES ON MEXICAN REPTILES
AND AMPHIBIANS

BY HOB ART M. SMITH 1

Knowing my interest in the herpetology of Mexico, Mr. Karl P.
Schmidt requested me to set in order the accumulated reptiles and
amphibians from Mexico in the collections of Field Museum. I have
prepared a report embodying such notes of interest and such taxo-
nomic changes as developed in the course of work on this collection.
Besides taxonomic and distributional notes, a new generic name is
proposed and three new forms of lizards and one new subspecies of
snake are described.

From Mexico, exclusive of Lower California, 1,931 specimens are
available. These represent 236 species and subspecies, which include
9 salamanders, 28 frogs and toads, 102 lizards, 78 snakes, 2 croco-
diles, and 16 turtles. In addition to specimens received in exchange,
and other minor lots of material, the collection is derived in the main
from the Field Museum expeditions of S. E. Meek and F. E. Lutz to
central Mexico in 1901 (608 specimens), of S. E. Meek to southern
and eastern Mexico in 1903 (577 specimens), of Edmund Heller and
C. M. Barber in 1904 (290 specimens) ; and from the gift of collections
made by E. Wyllys Andrews in Yucatan and Quintana Roo in 1934
and 1937 (247 specimens). The localities for the Meek collections
were denned by Dr. Meek in his paper on the fresh-water fishes of
Mexico (1904, pp. xxvm-xxx).

Notes on the lizards of the genus Cnemidophorus are in the main
reserved for a future paper. It is evident that Burt's arrangement
of the Mexican forms of this genus (Burt, 1931) requires revision.

I am indebted for information regarding specimens or for other
assistance to Dr. F. Angel, of the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle,
Paris; to Dr. William M. Clay, Mr. D. D wight Davis, Mrs. Helen T.
Gaige, Dr. Norman Hartweg, Mr. William Stickel, Dr. Howard

1 Walter Rathbone Bacon Scholar, Smithsonian Institution.
No. 438 15

16 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24

K. Gloyd, and Dr. Edward H. Taylor. The pencil sketches of the
heads of the new species of Anolis are the work of Mr. Albert A.
Enzenbacher.

The bibliographic list appended includes the papers which have
been wholly or in part based on the Mexican collections in Field
Museum.

Siredon mexicanum Shaw.

Gyrinus mexicanus Shaw, Nat. Misc., 9, pis. 343, 344, 1798 Mexico.
Siredon mexicanus Baird, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2), 1, p. 292, 1849.

Distrito Federal: Vicinity of Mexico City, 13 (708, J. 0. Snyder,
1899; 19179, Emil Witschi, 1938; 19255, 21851, 22887-90,
Gen. Biol. Supply House, 1933).
Mexico: Lake Chalco, 6 (1810), S. E. Meek, 1901.
Lerma, 1 (1383), S. E. Meek, 1903.
Texcoco, 2 (1115), S. E. Meek, 1901.

One adult (19179, transformed in captivity by Dr. Emil Witschi)
is yellowish below, dark gray above; small, more or less rounded
dark spots are scattered over the dorsal and ventral surfaces. In
proportions it is easily distinguishable from adult tigrinum; the head
is broader than long (20x22), the body short and stout (snout to
vent 89), the limbs long and powerful (foreleg 28; hind leg 32).

The larvae are distinguishable from those of tigrinum by color
pattern. In mexicanum, small,, more or less rounded, indefinitely
outlined black spots are scattered over the dorsal and usually the
ventral surfaces, while in tigrinum these spots are absent, the larvae
more or less unicolor and pale.

Two young larvae (snout to vent 51 and 74) from Texcoco (1115)
lack the spots on the belly, and the general ground color is rather
pale. The assumption is that the larvae become progressively
darker as they grow larger and older.

A large larva from Lerma (1383) may represent a form distinct
from that which occurs about Mexico City. Although the ground
color is dark in this specimen, as in typical mexicanum, the small
black spots characteristic of other specimens are lacking. The re-
gion in which this specimen was collected is more or less isolated by
mountain ranges from the valley of Mexico, from which the other
specimens came.

Siredon Wagler (Syst. Amph., pp. 209, 210, 1830; type axolotl=
mexicanum) has priority over Ambystoma Tschudi (Mem. Soc. Sci.
Nat. Neuchatel, 2, p. 92, 1838; type subviolacea=maculatum). To

1939 MEXICAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS SMITH 17

throw all species now referred to Ambystoma into the genus Siredon
would add tremendously to the taxonomic confusion already caused
in the group. In avoidance of this procedure, one of two alternatives
may be chosen: either officially to discard Siredon through action of
the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, or to
restrict the genus, if possible. The latter course seems to be the more
satisfactory, for the genus can be restricted to two species, mexicanum
and dumerilii, which normally never transform. Ambystoma re-
defined therefore excludes these two species, and includes only
forms which normally transform into the adult land stage. 1

Siredon dumerilii Duges.

Siredon dumerilii Duges, La Naturaleza, 1, pp. 241-244, pi. 5, 1870 Lake
Patzcuaro, Michoacan.

Michoacan: Patzcuaro, 4 (958), S. E. Meek, 1901.

The extensive webbing of the digits readily distinguishes larvae
of this species from those of mexicanum and tigrinum. Dunn (Anat.
Rec., 51, Suppl., p. 90, 1931) states that they never transform.

The description usually quoted as the original (Ann. Sci. Nat.
Paris, (5), 15, No. 17, pp. 1, 2, pi. 10, figs. 1-13) was actually pub-
lished in 1872, two years after the description which appeared in
La Naturaleza.

Chrysemys picta bellii Gray.

Emys bellii Gray, Syn. Kept., p. 31, 1831 type locality unknown.
Chrysemys picta bellii Bishop and Schmidt, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser.,
18, p. 136, 1931.

Chihuahua: Rio Santa Maria, 1 (2440), C. M. Barber, 1902.

This specimen represents the only record of the occurrence of
the genus in Mexico. It is a young specimen, the carapace measuring
31 mm. in length. The color pattern of the carapace and plastron is
typical.

Terrapene mexicana yucatana Boulenger.

Cistudo yucatana Boulenger, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6), 15, p. 330, 1895
northern Yucatan.

Quintana Roo: Coba, 2 (27272-3), E. Wyllys Andrews, 1937.
Yucatsn: Chichen Itza, 1 (27271), E. Wyllys Andrews, 1937.
All agree in having a distinct median keel, a notched jaw, a
poorly developed digital web, and four toes. There is no indication

1 It is my understanding, from conversation with Mr. Schmidt, that this is
the solution of the problem preferred by Dr. E. R. Dunn.

18 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24

of a radial pattern on the carapace; in the Cobd specimens the cara-
pace is nearly uniform straw yellow, with some slight darkening
along the sutures, while the Chichen Itza specimen is largely dark
above, mottled with large, irregular, lighter areas. The plastron is
dark in all, with irregular, less extensive light areas. The head and
forelimbs are very pale yellow in the Coba specimens. The carpal
formula for the Chichen Itza specimen is 2-3-3-3-2. It lacks a
zygomatic arch.

The discussion by Lorenz Muller (Zool. Anz., 113, pp. 97-114,
1936) of the variation in a series of 29 specimens of Terrapene from
the vicinity of Tampico, Tamaulipas, is of much importance in
arriving at an understanding of the Mexican species. I do not, how-
ever, agree with his conclusion that yucatana, goldmani, nelsoni,
and mexicana are all one and the same. On the basis of data available
at present, I would modify his conclusions as follows:

(1) That goldmani and mexicana are synonymous.

(2) That nelsoni is a distinct species characterized by having four
claws on the hind feet and a very flattened carapace (see Ditmars,
Zoologica, 17, figs. 31-33; these illustrations apparently were not
available to Muller).

(3) That yucatana is distinguishable from mexicana at least on
the basis of average number of toes.

Five specimens recorded from Yucatan all have four claws on
the hind feet, while of 32 specimens of mexicana recorded from
mainland Mexico, only six are four-clawed. Combined with the
fact of geographic discontinuity, this appears to be of taxonomic
significance. The measurements of our three specimens are as
follows:

27273 27272 27271

Length of carapace 151 86 153

Width of carapace 112.5 74 112

Length of plastron 149 84.5 147

Width of plastron 85 53

Median gular suture 19 13 20

Median humeral suture 22 12 22

Median anal suture 41 23 45

Anterior plastral lobe 58 33 57

Height 73 44

Terrapene ornata Agassiz.

Cistudo ornata Agassiz, Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., 1, p. 445, 1857 the upper

Missouri River and Iowa.
Terrapene ornata, Baur, Science, 17, p. 191, 1891.

Chihuahua: south of Lake Santa Maria, 2 (2002), C. S. Brimley,
1902.

1939 MEXICAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS SMITH 19

In one specimen the length of the carapace is 127; width at the
eighth marginal 108; length of plastron 132; width at femoral
plates 78.5. In the other, the length of the carapace is 124, its
width 112; length of plastron 125, width 79.

Platypeltis emoryi Agassiz.

Aspidonectes emoryi Agassiz, Contr. Nat. Hist. U. S., 1, p. 407; 2, pi. 6, figs.

4, 5, 1857 Rio Grande River, near Brownsville, Texas.
Platypeltis emoryi Baur, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., 31, p. 220, 1893.

Nuevo Leon: Rodriguez, 2 (1874, 2191), S. E. Meek, 1900 and
1906.

It appears that Malcolm Smith (Bull. Raffles Mus., 3, p. 2, 1930)
is correct in concluding that Geoff roy St. Hilaire definitely indicated
the type of Trionyx as aegypticus (=triunguis) (Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat.
Paris, 14, pp. 4, 5, 20, 1809). It further appears that the soft-shelled
turtles of the Old World and the New World are generically distinct,
the former having eight costal shields, the latter seven. Since
Trionyx has as its type an Old World species, the next available
name for a New World species is Platypeltis Fitzinger (Ann. Wien
Mus., 1, p. 127, 1836), whose type species isferox Schneider.

Anolis cozumelae sp. nov. Figure 4.

Type from Cozumel Island, Yucatan. No. 751 Field Museum of
Natural History. Male. Collected April, 1899, by C. F. Millspaugh.

Diagnosis. No dorsal crest on body; tail with a high crest two-
thirds as high as the rest of the tail; no conspicuous projecting mid-
dorsal scales on caudal crest at the whorls; ventrals smooth, about
twice as large as largest dorsals; two mid-dorsal rows of scales dis-
tinctly larger than adjacent dorsals, which are but slightly larger
than laterals; head scales nearly smooth; about 10 enlarged supra-
oculars; supraorbital semicircles narrowly in contact medially and
separated from occipital by three rows of scales.

Description of type. Dorsal head scales rugose, smooth or very
weakly keeled; frontal ridges weak, divergent, enclosing a very slight
depression; five scales bordering rostral between supralabials; five
canthal scales, prominently keeled; five rows of loreals; six supra-
labials to a point below middle of eye; about 10 enlarged supraoculars
separated from supraorbital semicircles by one or two (usually two)
rows of granules, from superciliaries by three; supraorbital semi-
circles narrowly in contact medially, separated from occipital by
two rows of scales; occipital somewhat smaller than ear opening;

20 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24

occipital area enclosed posteriorly by two conspicuous, convergent
ridges arising at posterior margin of orbit.

Dorsal scales keeled, the two median rows slightly larger than the
adjacent scales, which gradually merge with the slightly smaller
lateral scales; ventral scales, including those of dewlap, absolutely
smooth, about twice as large as largest dorsals; scales of throat keeled.

Scales on anterior surfaces of thigh and lower foreleg subequal,
two or three times as large as ventrals on body, keeled; 20 lamellae
on the second and third phalanges of fourth toe.

Tail strongly compressed, with a mid-dorsal crest whose greatest
proportional height is about two-thirds the diameter of the body of
the tail, extending about two-thirds the length of the tail, absent
on the distal third; four or five mid-dorsal scales between whorls;
subcaudal scales much larger than lateral caudal scales.

Color. The specimen is somewhat discolored as a result of many
years of preservation. The general dorsal tone is light brown ; ventral
surfaces lighter; limbs banded, the toes very distinctly; dewlap dark
(purple?) anteriorly, fading posteriorly; sides of head light; temporal
region mottled with dark and light brown.

Measurements. Snout-vent length 64; tail (broken) 80; hind
leg 52; tibia 16; snout to ear 17; head width 13.

Remarks. The only species of Anolis with a caudal crest hereto-
fore recorded from Mexico is sagrei, a species known also from the
West Indies and characterized by having keeled ventral scales, strong,
nearly parallel frontal ridges, strongly keeled head scales, and one
row of small scales between supraorbital semicircles.

The present specimen thus differs markedly from sagrei, which
has been recorded from Cozumel Island (Cope, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus.,
32," p. 32, 1885), and I find it impossible to allocate it to any other
compressed-tailed species from the West Indies or Central America.

Anolis laeviventris Wiegmann.

Anolis laeviventris Wiegmann, Herp. Mex., p. 47, 1834 Mexico.

Vera Cruz: Xico, 1 (1345), S. E. Meek, 1903.

The specimen differs from sericeus in lacking a central purple spot
in the dewlap, in having enlarged postanals, and in having distinctly
smaller dorsals and ventrals; it differs from nebulosus and nebuloides
in having smaller ventrals and the supraoculars in two series. The
dorsal scales are keeled, the two median rows the largest, gradually
decreasing in size laterally. Snout- vent length 37; tail broken;
snout to ear 9; tibia 6.7; head width 7.

1939 MEXICAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS SMITH 21

The supraorbital semicircles are in contact; frontal ridges nearly
obsolete; scales on snout rugose, some unicarinate; supraoculars
faintly keeled; two rows of scales between occipital and supraorbital
semicircles; occipital less than twice greatest diameter of ear; 14
lamellae under third and fourth phalanges of fourth toe.

Anolis nebuloides Bocourt.

Anolis nebuloides Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Kept., p. 74, pi. 13, fig. 10, 1873
Putla, Oaxaca. 1

Oaxaca: Cuicatlan, 1 (990), S. E. Meek, 1901.
Oaxaca, 1 (989), S. E. Meek, 1901.
San Geronimo, 1 (1475), Heller and Barber, 1904.
These specimens are differentiated from those referred to nebulosus
solely on the basis of relative size of the dorsal and ventral scales; in
the southern specimens the difference in relative size of dorsal and
ventral scales is perceptibly greater than in the northern specimens.
The presumed differences in carination and in character of the supra-
orbital semicircles do not hold.

Anolis schmidti sp. nov. Figure 4.

Type from Manzanillo, Colima. No. 1667 Field Museum of
Natural History. Male. Collected by C. H. T. Townsend, 1903.

Diagnosis. A small Anolis, with a single row of large supra-
oculars narrowly in contact with supraorbital semicircles; semicircles
in contact, separated from occipital by a single row of scales; occip-
ital much larger than ear opening; dorsals small, distinctly keeled,
gradually becoming smaller laterally; ventrals not distinctly larger
than dorsals, curiously protuberant (not flat), weakly keeled; post-
anals distinctly enlarged.

Description of type. All dorsal head scales smooth, except a few
unicarinate scales in internasal region; frontal ridges distinct, diverg-
ing anteriorly, enclosing a distinct, depressed, prefrontal area;
occipital large, much larger than ear opening, separated by a single
row of small, flat scales from supraorbital semicircles; latter com-
posed of rather large scales, broadly in contact medially, separated
by three scales at their point of termination at the canthus; two or
three very large supraoculars, their width about three-fourths the
width of the supraorbital area; supraoculars narrowly in contact
with supraorbital semicircles, separated from superciliaries by one

1 The "Putla, Mexico" of many specimens in the British Museum is apparently
the Putla in Oaxaca, located near the Guerrero-Oaxaca border at approximately
17 N. and 98 W.

22 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24

or two rows of granules; three postrostrals between nasals, followed
posteriorly by a transverse row of four scales; four canthals, weakly
keeled; first superciliary nearly two-thirds length of orbit; five rows
of loreals; subocular series in contact with supralabials; seven supra-
labials and eight infralabials to a point below middle of eye.

All gular scales smooth, convex; dorsal scales rather small, five
or six times as large as the granular laterals, gradually decreasing in
size laterally, distinctly keeled; ventral scales about the same size
as the largest dorsals, not flat but somewhat conical and projecting,
weakly keeled, pointed.

FIG. 4. Anolis cozumelae (at left), X lj/2- Anolis schmidti (at right), X 2.

Four rows of enlarged, keeled scales on anterior surface of lower
foreleg; six rows of slightly larger, keeled scales on anterior surface
of thigh; ventral shank scales keeled; 15 lamellae under the third and
fourth phalanges of the fourth toe; postanals distinctly enlarged;
tail rounded; mid-dorsal row of tail scales slightly larger than ad-
jacent scales.

Color. Pale yellow above and below; a conspicuous, yellow,
dark-edged spot on dorsal posterior surface of shank; fingers and toes
faintly barred; dewlap apparently yellow.

Measurements. Snout-vent length 45; tail broken; snout to ear
12; width of head 7; hind leg 33; tibia 9.7.

Remarks. This species is distinctly different from nebulosus and
nebuloides in the character of the ventral scales. Its nearest relative
may be utowanae, which differs in having flat, pavement-like ventral

1939 MEXICAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS SMITH 23

scales, three to five series of scales between occipital and supraorbital
semicircles, occipital smaller than ear opening, only three rows of
loreals, and in other characters.

Ctenosaura pectinata Wiegmann.

Cyclura pectinata Wiegmann, Herp. Mex., p. 42, pi. 2, 1834 Colima, Colima.
Ctenosaura pectinata Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2, p. 197, 1885.

Colima: Manzanillo, 1 (1640), C. H. T. Townsend, 1903.
Paso del Rio, 1 (1674), Emerick, 1904.

Guerrero: Balsas, 3 (1725), S. E. Meek, 1901.

Laguna Coyuca, 1 (25882), Walter Mosauer, 1935.

Morelos: Puente de Ixtla, 2 (1094), S. E. Meek.
Yautepec, 1 (1349a), S. E. Meek, 1903.

Oaxaca: San Geronimo, 1 (1455), Heller and Barber, 1904.

Sinaloa: Mazatlan, 1 (442).

The west coast Ctenosaura seem to be in some confusion despite
recent work. Specimens in the above series are not consistent in
their characters: two of them (1455, 1094a) have the caudal whorls
as in acanthura, but neither has the dorsal crest interrupted in the
sacral region as it normally is in that species; four (1640, 1094, 1725a)
have the dorsal crest interrupted at the sacrum; in the others it is
complete.

Phrynosoma orbiculare cortezii Bocourt.

Tapaya cortezii Dumeril and Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Kept., pi. 11, fig. 2,

1870 Hacienda del Jasmin, between Orizaba and Cordova, Vera Cruz.

Phrynosoma orbiculare cortezii Smith, Trans. Kans. Acad. Sci., 37, p. 291, 1935.

Puebla: Atzitzintla, 3 (1515), Heller and Barber, 1904.

The form is very easily distinguished from the typical subspecies
by* the lesser length of the occipital spines (shorter than temporals).
It is notable that o. cortezii has a broken, midventral longitudinal
dark line, while o. orbiculare lacks it.

Uta irregularis Fischer.

Phymatolepis irregularis Fischer, Abh. Nat. Ver. Brem., 7, p. 232, pi. 17, figs.

1-4, 1882 Mexico.
Uta irregularis Boulenger, Cat. Liz. Brit. Mus., 2, p. 216, 1885.

Guerrero: Laguna Coyuca, near Acapulco, 1 specimen (25884),
Walter Mosauer, 1935.

A broken, irregular series of small scales separates the two series
of larger scales at irregular intervals. Femoral pores 8-9 (lower
than in bicarinata and its very close relatives, tuberculata and nelsoni}.
The species differs from other Mexican species of the group (except

24 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24

perhaps gadovi, which I have not seen) in having the blue belly
patches of the male distinctly outlined and restricted to two small,
oval areas on the chest, narrowly separated medially. The ventral
scales are feebly mucronate, but not keeled even on the chest (where
keeling is most prominent in bicarinata and its allies).

Gaigeia gen. nov.

Type. Lepidophyma gaigeae Mosauer, Herpetologica, 1, pp. 3-5,
pi. 2, 1936.

Diagnosis. Dorsal lepidosis nearly uniform; caudal scales uni-
form; no supraoculars; two frontals with a longitudinal median
suture; normally no prefrontal; no infralabials (chin-shields bordering
labium); a well-differentiated postocular; ventrals flat.

Remarks. The genus differs from the monotypic Lepidophyma
in the following characters (opposing characters of Lepidophyma in
parentheses): dorsal lepidosis nearly uniform (heterogeneous); no
differentiated tail whorls (present); ventral scales smooth, flat
(keeled, convex); normally no median prefrontal (normally present).
In all these characters, except the last, Gaigeia resembles Xantusia,
a genus which it superficially resembles much more than Lepido-
phyma. It differs from Xantusia in the following characters (opposing
characters of Xantusia in parentheses): no supraoculars (present);
no infralabials (present); a well-differentiated postocular (absent;
scales in this region granular); normally no median prefrontal
(present). Again, in all these characters, except the last, Gaigeia
resembles Lepidophyma. It appears obvious that it stands in a
position intermediate between Lepidophyma and Xantusia, combining
their characters. The normal absence of the median prefrontal is
unique.

The erection of a monotypic genus for Lepidophyma gaigeae will
not, I believe, obscure its relationships; on the contrary, it appears
to clarify them, for the species in question is no more closely related
to Lepidophyma flavomaculatum than to Xantusia.

The three continental genera of the family Xantusiidae are
ecologically as well as geographically isolated: Xantusia in low, arid
or semi-arid regions; Gaigeia in high mountains at the coniferous belt;
and Lepidophyma in moist, tropical lowlands.

One paratype of Gaigeia gaigeae is in Field Museum.

Cnemidophorus angusticeps Cope.

Cnemidophorus angusticeps Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., 17, p. 95, 1877
Yucatan.

1939 MEXICAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS SMITH 25

Quintana Roo: Coba, 2 (27311-2), E. Wyllys Andrews, 1937.

Yucatan: Chichen Itza, 9 (27313-21), E. Wyllys Andrews, 1937.

Since this form occupies an isolated area in which there is little
topographic variation, it appears to have become quite well differen-
tiated. It is characterized by having six distinct, unbroken white
lines in the young and old of both sexes; sometimes, in the adults or
young, an additional median, poorly outlined light stripe is present.
The tail and hind limbs are pink and the latter light-spotted; the
pink suffusion is especially pronounced on the tail and is more evident
in females than in males.

The belly of males is suffused with blue, the gular region pinkish.
The postantebrachials are reduced, not granular, but not greatly
enlarged. The femoral pores vary between 18 and 23, average 20
(18, one; 19, seven; 20, seven; 21, four; 22, one; 23, one).

Cnemidophorus deppii deppii Wiegmann.

Cnemidophorus deppii Wiegmann, Herp. Mex., p. 28, 1834 Mexico; restricted
by Hartweg and Oliver (vide infra) to Tehuantepec, Oaxaca.

Cnemidophorus deppii deppii Hartweg and Oliver, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool.
Univ. Mich., 359, pp. 1-3, 1937.

Oaxaca: San Geronimo, 9 (1473), Heller and Barber, 1904.

These specimens seem typical of deppii deppii, having 18 to 21
femoral pores, 4 to 6 scales from snout to ventral scales, and 2 to 5
interorbital scales (one exceptional specimen with 7-8 interorbitals).

Cnemidophorus deppii lineatissimus Cope.

Cnemidophorus lineatissimus Cope, Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc., 17, p. 94, 1877

Colima and Guadalajara.
Cnemidophorus deppii lineatissimus Van Denburgh, Occ. Papers Calif. Acad.

Sci., 5, p. 463, 1897.

Guerrero: Balsas, 8 (1015), S. E. Meek, 1901.

These specimens are referred to d. lineatissimus with some doubt,
as no adult males are present in the series. Scale counts indicate,
however, a greater affinity for this subspecies than for typical d.
deppii. The scales between the anus and ventral scutes average 7 (6,
four; 7, one; 8, two); femoral pores 14 to 21, average 17 (14, two; 15,
two; 16, one; 17, three; 18, four; 20, one; 21, one); interorbital scales
(counting from posterior extension of superciliaries forward to the
termination of the series) average 7 (3, one; 4, one; 5, two; 6, five; 7,
two; 8, one; 9, two; 10, two); usually two complete or incomplete
rows of granules between supraoculars and superciliaries (one excep-
tion). In all these characters except the last the specimens approach

26 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24

d. Umatissimus more closely than d. deppii; the reverse is true of the
last character.

One other character may be more or less typical of d, lineatis-
simus: the contact of the posterior preocular and the loreal. If so,
the Balsas specimens are intermediate, for this condition occurs on
both sides of only five specimens and on one side of one. In 29 spec-
imens of d. deppii, the condition mentioned occurs on both sides in
only four, on one side in three.

Cnemidophorus deppii oligoporus subsp. nov.

Type from Perez, Vera Cruz. No. 29145 Field Museum of Natural
History. Male. Collected by Julius Friesser in 1903. Paratypes ten,
including three topotypes (1683, Julius Friesser, 1903), three from
Otopa, Vera Cruz (1313, S. E. Meek, 1903), and four from Vera Cruz,
Vera Cruz (1343, S. E. Meek, 1903).

Diagnosis. A form closely related to deppii deppii, differing from
that form in average number of femoral pores (16) and in average
number of scales from the anus to the ventral scutes; from deppii
lineal issimus it differs in coloration and in having the posterior pre-
ocular usually separated from the loreal.

Description of type. Three supraoculars; row of granules between
oculars and median head scales short, not extending to suture between
second and third supraoculars, consisting of 6 or 7 scales (counting
forward from the posterior extension of the superciliaries, following
the row of largest scales); median gular scales not imbricate; mesop-
tychial scales somewhat larger than median gular scales, imbricate.

Femoral pores 15-16; scales between anus and ventral scutes
number 6.

Eight dorsal light lines, the lateral pair on each side faintly inter-
rupted. Entire ventral surfaces of head, body, thighs, and upper
forelegs black.

Measurements. Snout to vent 68; tail 131.

Remarks. The most important character for separation of this
from the typical form is the number of femoral pores. In seventeen
counts of d. oligoporus, the average is 16.4, and 82.4 per cent of the
counts are 17 or less. In 188 counts of d. deppii (specimens from San
Geronimo, Oaxaca; El Rancho, Guatemala; Divisadero, El Salvador;
west of San Pedro, Pespire, and San Lorenzo, Honduras) the range
is from 16 to 24, the average 19.4, and only 5.9 per cent of the counts
are 17 or less.

1939 MEXICAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS SMITH 27

A second differential character is the number of scales between
the anus and ventral scutes. In eight counts of d. oligoporus, this
number varies between 6 and 8, the average is 6.9, and 100 per cent
of the counts are 6 or more. In 99 counts of d. deppii, the range is
from 4 to 7, the average is 5, and 17.2 per cent of the counts are 6
or more.

The form differs from d. cozumelae in the absence of an accessory
scute on each side between the interparietal and parietal. From d.
lineatissimus it differs in ventral coloration of the male (nearly
entirely black in deppii oligoporus, as in d. deppii) and perhaps in the
usual separation of the posterior preocular from the loreal (usually
not in d. lineatissimus).

Cnemidophorus octolineatus Baird.

Cnemidophorus octolineatus Baird, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1858, p. 255,
1858 Pesquieria Grande, Nuevo Leon.

Coahuila: Jaral, 4 (1671), Heller and Barber, 1904.

It appears necessary to employ this name for these specimens,
which probably represent a widely distributed form. These are
young (maximum snout- vent measurement 56), with eight longi-
tudinal, unbroken light lines, and no spots in the dark fields; the
scales on the posterior surface of the lower foreleg are uniformly
granular, and the mesoptychial scales small.

In the youngest specimen the median pair of light lines is distinct,
many being well separated, but closer to each other than to the
adjacent stripes; in larger specimens the median pair tend to fuse
together.

The specimens obviously belong to the tessellatus group, but
differ from grahamiae, the only form of that group at present recog-
nized in western Texas and the adjacent area which might be con-
sidered conspecific with these specimens, by having a pair of stripes
on the mid-dorsal region in the young, instead of one median stripe.

Leptotyphlops maximus Loveridge.

Leptotyphlops maximus Loveridge, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 45, pp. 151, 152,
1932 Chilpancingo, Guerrero.

Guerrero: Balsas, 1 (1263), S. E. Meek, 1901.

Scale rows 14; 224 scales from rostral to tip of tail; 16 subcaudals;
total length 168; tail length 9. One supralabial between ocular and
nasal, reaching nearly to level of eye, more than twice as deep as
broad; nasals in contact medially behind rostral; three infralabials.
Seven dorsal rows are stippled with darker color, the ventral rows

28 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24

white, the dorsal and ventral colors sharply defined laterally. The
specimen differs from others of the species particularly in having the
nasals in contact behind the rostral.

Leptotyphlops phenops Cope.

Stenostoma phenops Cope, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2), 8, p. 128, 1876

Tehuantepec.
Leptotyphlops albifrons Schmidt and Andrews, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool.

Ser., 20, pp. 168, 169, 1936.

Yucatan: Chichen Itza, 4 (20606, 20616-8), E. Wyllys Andrews,
1934.

Scales from rostral to tip of tail, 254, 250, 235, 238, respectively;
caudals 18, 19, 25, 22; total length 157, 161, 130, 85; tail length 9,
9, 10, 6.5.

The species is distinct from albifrons, with which it has been
confused. The Mexican records should be referred to this species
or to bakewelli. L. albifrons has less than 200 dorsals, the head
scales are very prominently pitted, the pupil of the eye is invisible
(very distinct in phenops}, the light spot on the head extends over
several scales adjacent to the rostral (confined to the rostral in
phenops), the terminal caudal light spot is equally extensive dorsally
and ventrally (mostly confined to ventral surface in phenops) , and there
are various other differences between the two species in the shape of
the head and of the head scales.

Geophis dugesii Bocourt.

Geophis dugesii Bocourt, Miss. Sci. Mex., Kept., p. 573, pi. 37, fig. 1, 1883
Tangancicuaro, Michoacan.

Michoacan: 1 (30965), Stanford University.

Female; ventrals 164; caudals 39; supralabials 5-5; infralabials
5-6; oculars 0-1; temporals 1-2, 1-1; total length 179; tail 27.

Bluish black above; an indistinct light band across nape, and two
on anterior part of body, enclosing between them two long, oval,
uniform black patches; scales on sides with light centers, the size
of the light spots increasing ventrally and decreasing posteriorly;
upper lip white; chin-shield region stippled with black; belly uniform
white; some black stippling present along the sutures of the posterior
subcaudals.

A male specimen (Stanford University 4408) agrees in coloration;
ventrals 150; caudals 43. The teeth of the lower jaw are 11 or 12,
slightly decreasing in size posteriorly; maxilla extending slightly
anterior to suture between first and second supralabials; palatine

1939 MEXICAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS SMITH 29

extending to suture between second and third infralabials; 10 maxillary
teeth, subequal, not grooved.

Hemipenis single; sulcus spermaticus forked at a point two-thirds
the distance from the base of the organ; distal third papillate, grading
into a median third which is provided with heavy spines situated on
longitudinal ridges; proximal third smooth, ridged.

These two specimens differ from the description of dugesii in two
respects: color (dugesii with six or seven well-defined, yellowish half
rings on anterior half of body) and number of ventrals (176 in the
description). Duges (La Naturaleza, 6, p. 360, 1884) threw doubt
upon the correctness of the ventral count, stating that he had
counted 156 ventrals before he sent the specimen to Bocourt. The
latter number compares well with those of the present specimens of
dugesii, while the count given by Bocourt is considerably beyond the
expected range of variation in one sex of this species. Dr. F. Angel
has kindly examined the type at my request and verified Duges'
count. With this information available I have no hesitation in
referring these specimens to dugesii.

Natrix rhombifera blanchardi Clay.

Natrix rhombifera blanchardi Clay, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 27, p. 251, pi. 25,
1938 near Tampico, Tamaulipas.

Nuevo Leon: Montemorelos, 1 (1389, paratype), S. E. Meek, 1903.

Tamaulipas: GarzaValdez,! (2079, paratype), S. E. Meek, 1901.

Vera Cruz: La Antigua, 1 (2039), S. E. Meek, 1901.

The Vera Cruz specimen is not included in blanchardi by Clay; it
seems best to associate it here until further specimens throw light
on the question thus raised.

Eudryas boddaertii melanolomus Cope.

Masticophis melanolomus Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1868, p. 105,

1868 Yucatan.
Eudryas boddaertii melanolomus Stuart, Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich.,

254, p. 2, 1933; Schmidt and Andrews, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser.,

20, p. 172, 1936.

Yucatan: Merida, 2 (19426, Eunice Blackburn, 1934; 20627, E.
Wyllys Andrews, 1934).

These specimens are discussed by Schmidt and Andrews (loc. cit.).
Thamnophis macrostemma macrostemma Kennicott.

Eulaenia macrostemma Kennicott, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 331,
1860 Mexico City.

30 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24

Mexico: Chalco, 23 (1097, 1098, 1265, 1279, 2037), S. E. Meek,

1901 and 1903.

Lerma, 1 (1299), S. E. Meek, 1903.
Michoacan: Patzcuaro, 9 (1101, 1396), S. E. Meek, 1901.
Puebla: Puebla, 11 (1320), S. E. Meek, 1903.

The subspecies is separated from m. megalops largely on the basis
of caudal counts. In caudal counts of males, 95 per cent of m.
macrostemma have 78 or less, while 93 per cent of m. megalops have
79 or more; in females there is no overlap. In ventral count of
females, 71 per cent of m. macrostemma have 158 or less, while 70
per cent of m. megalops have 159 or more; the overlap in males is
complete. In total counts, of males, 95 per cent of m. macrostemma
have 242 or less, while 93 per cent of m. megalops have 243 or more;
in females of m. macrostemma, 80 per cent have 221 or less, while in
m. megalops, 100 per cent have 222 or more.

Kennicott's description of megalops precedes the description
of macrostemma by one page; Ruthven (Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 61,
p. 44, 1908), probably for this reason, chose megalops for the specific
name, placing macrostemma in its synonymy. This cannot stand,
however, for Ruthven was not the first reviser. Cope had selected
macrostemma many years before (Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866,
p. 306, 1866). In this paper specimens are listed from Fort Whipple,
Arizona, under the name Eutaenia macrostemma; the name megalops
does not appear, although a key to certain forms of the genus is
included. I infer that Cope considered the two presumed species
synonymous, and that he selected macrostemma to represent the
species. This is supported by Cope's subsequent treatment of macro-
stemma (Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1, p. 41, 1875), "Eutaenia macro-
stemma Kennicott, subspecies megalops Kennicott. ..." Thus, if
macrostemma and megalops are identical, or are allied as subspecies,
the species should be known as Thamnophis macrostemma Kennicott.

Thamnophis macrostemma megalops Kennicott.

Eulaenia megalops Kennicott, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1860, p. 330, 1860
Tucson and Santa Magdalena, Arizona.

Chihuahua: Chihuahua, 1 (1266), S. E. Meek, 1901.

Colonia Juarez, 15 (1100, 1267, 1268), S. E. Meek, 1901.
Jimenez, 3 (1270), S. E. Meek, 1901.
Minaca, 3 (1273), S. E. Meek, 1901.
San Andre's, 3 (1275), S. E. Meek, 1901.

1939 MEXICAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS SMITH 31

Durango: Coyotes, 7 (1503), Heller and Barber, 1904.

Durango, 1 (1385), S. E. Meek, 1903.

Lerdo, 1 (1400), S. E. Meek, 1903.
Jalisco: Ocotlan, 1 (1274), S. E. Meek, 1901.

VARIATION IN SCALE COUNTS OF THAMNOPHIS MACROSTEMMA

SEX CAUDALS VBNTRALS TOTAL VENTRAL COUNT

No. Aver- No. Aver- No. Aver-

spec. Range age spec. Range age spec. Range age

, , d" 14 78-89 83 15 159-169 165 14 242-255 249
m.megaiops $ 14 69 _ g9 ?5 1? 149 _ 161 156 14 2 22-260 236

rf 1 20 65-79 73 27 159-169 164 20 226-244 236
9 10 63-67 65 20 152-171 161 10 214-228 220

Conophis concolor Cope.

Conophis concolor Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1866, p. 318, 1866
Mexico; Schmidt and Andrews, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 20,
p. 178, 1936; Andrews, I.e., p. 358, 1937.

Yucatan: Chichen Itza, 4 (20610-1, 26986-7), E. Wyllys Andrews,
1934 and 1937.
Me*rida, 2 (19411, 19413), Eunice Blackburn, 1934.

The two specimens (26986-7) whose scutellation has not been
previously recorded have 19-19-17 scale rows; ventrals 160, 168,
respectively; caudals 67+, 69; supralabials 8-8; infralabials 10-10,
9-9; oculars 1-2; total length of 26986 (the largest, with tail incom-
plete) 938+, tail length 191 +.

Conophis viduus Cope.

Conophis viduus Cope, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2), 8, p. 137, 1876
Tehuantepec.

Oaxaca: San Geronimo, 1 (1457), Heller and Barber, 1904.

Male; scale rows 19-19-17; ventrals 160; caudals 74; supralabials
7-7; infralabials 9-10; oculars 1-2; temporals 2-2-3; total length
504; tail 121.

The stripes on the body are brown, not black as in vittatus; the
lateral pair involves the second, third, and fourth scale rows, while
the median row involves the eighth, ninth, tenth, ninth, and eighth
rows; the lateral edges of the median dark stripe are black.

Conophis vittatus Peters.

Conophis vittatus Peters, Monatsber. Akad. Wiss. Berl., 1860, pp. 519, 520,
pi., fig. 3, 1860 type locality unknown, restricted to Acapulco, Guerrero.

Conophis sumichrasti Cope, Journ. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., (2), 8, p. 137, 1876
Tehuantepec and Guadalajara, restricted to Tehuantepec (city).

32 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24

Guerrero: Laguna Coyuca, near Acapulco, 1 (25881), Walter
Mosauer, 1935.

Male; scale rows 19-19-17; Ventrals 156; caudals 65; supralabials
7-7; infralabials 8-9; oculars 1-2; temporals 2-2-3; total length 514;
tail length 110.

There are four distinct, black stripes on the body, the lateral
pair involving the third and fourth scale rows, and the medial pair
involving the eighth and ninth rows; a median dorsal light stripe,
occupying the median scale row and half of the adjacent scale rows
over most of the body, extends from the neck to the tail.

Conopsis nasus Giinther.

Conopsis nasus Giinther, Cat. Snakes Brit. Mus., p. 6, 1858 Mexico.

. Mexico: Chalco, 2 (987a-b), S. E. Meek, 1901.
Vera Cruz: Orizaba, 1 (1462), Heller and Barber, 1904.

The two from Chalco are males, the one from Orizaba a female;
all have 17 scale rows throughout; ventrals 117, 118, 131, respectively;
caudals 37, 38, 30; supralabials 7-7, 7-7, 6-6; infralabials 8-8, 7-8,
6-7; oculars 1-2 in all; temporals 1-1-3 on one side of 987a, 1-2-3 in
others; total length 215, 182, 177; tail length 42.5, 34, 27. In the
two males the loreal is absent, while in the female it is present; in
987a the preocular and nasal are in contact, while in 987b the pre-
f rental separates them; in 987a the frontal is in contact with the
internasals; the nasal is entire in all. The two posterior maxillary
teeth of 1462 are grooved.

A broken, median dark stripe one scale row wide is present, and a
faint lateral stripe occurs on rows 3 and 4, mostly on 4.

Kennicott's Toluca lineata (U. S.-Mexican Bound. Surv., 2, p.
23, pi. 21, fig. 2, 1859, from valley of Mexico) is perfectly represented
by 987a.

Tantilla moesta cuniculator subsp. nov.

Tantilla moesta Schmidt and Andrews, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 20,
pp. 180, 181, 1936.

Type from Me*rida, Yucatan. No. 19408 Field Museum of Natural
History. Female. Collected by Eunice Blackburn, 1934. Paratypes
two topotypical females, Nos. 19407, 20605, Eunice Blackburn and
E. Wyllys Andrews, 1934.

Diagnosis. Similar to Tantilla moesta, having seven supralabials,
two postoculars, rostral scarcely visible from above, a broad frontal
and a light, dark-bordered nuchal collar; differing from moesta in

1939 MEXICAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS SMITH 33

number of subcaudals (49 to 53), absence of pigment on ventral
scales, presence of a dark lateral area sharply differentiated from a
somewhat lighter dorsal color, snout light, and a small or large light
spot behind eye.

Description. Portion of rostral visible above less than half the
length of internasals; latter two and one-half times as long as broad,
tapering laterally; prefrontals slightly broader than long, more than
twice as long as internasals; frontal hexagonal, longer than its dis-
tance from end of snout, about twice the width of a supraocular;
nasal divided, narrowly in contact with preocular; one preocular,
two postoculars; parietals slightly longer than their distance from
end of snout; temporals 1-1; seven supralabials, third and fourth
entering eye; seven infralabials, the first separated from each other
by contact of mental and anterior chin-shields; latter twice as long
as posterior chin-shields; four infralabials in contact with anterior
chin-shields.

Scales in 15 rows throughout, smooth; ventrals 149; anal divided;
caudals 49; total length 101; tail length 20.

Dorsal surface of head dark brown, except a broad area on tip of
snout, the lower edges of the first four supralabials, a rounded area
behind eye extending to lip, and the extreme posterior edges of the
parietals and secondary temporals, which are white or cream; a light,
dark-bordered nuchal collar involving two rows of scales on the neck,
the posterior tip of the parietals and secondary temporals and the
posterior half of the last supralabial; a broad, tan dorsal area on
body, rather sharply defined from a darker lateral area involving the
first, second, and third scale rows; a dimly visible, dorsolateral light
stripe about one scale wide; lateral dark stripe becoming somewhat
lighter ventrally, completely disappearing at the edges of the ven-
trals; ventral surface immaculate, save a few dark markings on the
infralabials.

Notes on paratypes. The scutellation of the head in the two para-
types is practically identical with that of the type. The first infra-
labials are in contact with each other medially in one. The ventrals
and caudals of 19407 and 20605 are, respectively, 154, 53, and 140,
49; total and tail lengths 96 and 20, and 94 and 19. In coloration
the only notable variation is in the size of the light spot behind the
eye, which is very small and inconspicuous in the smallest specimen
(20605).

Comparisons. The subspecies differs from moesta moesta in the
number of subcaudals (49 to 53 in m. cuniculator, 55 to 63 in ra.

34 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY ZOOLOGY, VOL. 24

moesta) and in coloration. The typical form has the entire belly and
the mental region pigmented, the nuchal ring complete ventrally,
the snout dark, lacks a light spot posterior to the eye, and shows
no differentiation in coloration of the lateral and dorsal surfaces of
the body.

REFERENCES

ANDREWS, E. WYLLYS

1937. Notes on Snakes from the Yucatan Peninsula. Field Mus. Nat. Hist.,
Zool. Ser., 20, pp. 355-359.

BAILEY, JOSEPH R.

1937. New Forms of Coniophanes Hallowell, and the Status of Dromicus clavatus
Peters. Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 362, pp. 1-6.

BURT, CHARLES E.

1931. A Study of the Teiid Lizards of the Genus Cnemidophorus, with Special
Reference to Their Phylogenetic Relationships. Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 154,
pp. l-vni, 1-286, figs. 1-38.

CLAY, WILLIAM M.

1938. A New Watersnake of the Genus Natrix from Mexico. Ann. Carnegie
Mus., 27, pp. 251-253, pi. 25.

DUNN, E. R.

1926. The Salamanders of the Family Plethodontidae. Smith College 50th
Anniv. Publ., 7, xn +441 pp., 3 pis., 86 maps.

GADOW, HANS

1905. The Distribution of Mexican Amphibians and Reptiles. Proc. Zool. Soc.
Lond., 1905, pt. 2, pp. 191-244, figs. 29-32.

1906. A Contribution to the Study of Evolution Based upon the Mexican
Species of Cnemidophorus. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1906, pp. 277-375, pi. 20,
figs. 61-83.

HARTWEG, NORMAN

1938. Kinosternon flavescens stejnegeri, a New Turtle from Northern Mexico.
Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 371, pp. 1-5.

HARTWEG, NORMAN and OLIVER, JAMES A.

1937. A Contribution to the Herpetology of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
I. The Scelopori of the Pacific Slope. Occ. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich.,
356, pp. 1-9.

KELLOGG, REMINGTON

1932. Mexican Tailless Amphibians in the United States National Museum.
Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., 160, pp. l-iv, 1-224, pi. 1, figs. 1-24.

MEEK, SETH EUGENE

1904. The Fresh-water Fishes of Mexico North of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 5, pp. I-LXIV, 1-252, pis. 1-17, figs. 1-72,
map.

RUTHVEN, A. G.

1908. Variations and Genetic Relationships of the Garter Snakes. Bull. U. S.
Nat. Mus., 61, pp. i-xn, 1-201, pi. 1, figs. 1-82.

SCHMIDT, K. P.

1924. Notes on Central American Crocodiles. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool.
Ser., 12, pp. 79-92, pis. 5-9.

SCHMIDT, K. P. and ANDREWS, E. WYLLYS

1936. Notes on Snakes from Yucatan. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 20,
pp. 167-187, figs. 20-23.

1939 MEXICAN REPTILES AND AMPHIBIANS SMITH 35

SMITH, HOBART M.

1937a. A Synopsis of the scalaris Group of the Lizard Genus Sceloporus. Occ.

Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich., 361, pp. 1-8.
1937b. Description of a New Mexican Subspecies of Sceloporus spinosus Wieg-

mann (Lacertilia). Kans. Univ. Sci. Bull., 24, pp. 469-473.
1937c. The Lizards of the torquatus Group of the Genus Sceloporus Wiegmann,

1828. Kans. Univ. Sci. Bull., 24, pp. 539-693, pis. 47-55, figs. 1-25.

TAYLOR, EDWARD H.

1935. A New Skink from Mexico. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 20, pp.
77-80, fig. 7.

1936. A Taxonomic Study of the Cosmopolitan Scincoid Lizards of the Genus
Eumeces with an Account of the Distribution and Relationships of Its Species.
Kans. Univ. Sci. Bull., 23, pp. 1-643, pis. 1-43, figs. 1-84.

1HE UBRARY OF THE

FEB221939

UNIVERSITY OF UJUN01S

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS-URBAN*